OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of collar-mounted accelerometers to objectively monitor treatment outcomes in canine pruritus. METHODS: Observational data from 1,803 dogs from 2019 through 2023 were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of collar-mounted accelerometers to assess treatment efficacy for pruritic canine skin diseases. Accelerometer measurements were joined to electronic health records to establish symptoms, diagnoses, and interventions. A directed acyclic graph was used to identify relevant variables to control for, and linear regression was used to model the pruritic behaviors before and after intervention. RESULTS: Significant reductions in pruritic behaviors, particularly scratching and licking, were observed following interventions. Antibody and immunosuppressant treatments exhibited the most pronounced effects on scratching behavior, with a reduction in scratching of up to 40.9% and 23.4%, retrospectively, in the 30 days following intervention relative to the 14 days prior. CONCLUSIONS: Collar-mounted accelerometers used to measure pruritic behaviors can detect the effects of interventions for canine pruritus. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Pruritus is a common symptom of canine skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis or allergic dermatitis, which can be difficult to diagnose and manage. This study highlights the use of collar-mounted accelerometers to objectively monitor treatment outcomes for canine pruritus, providing valuable insights into treatment effectiveness that could allow veterinarians and pet owners to optimize management strategies to alleviate the burden of this challenging condition.