Photoaging is a major cause of skin ageing. Ultraviolet radiation is a key factor in this process, as it can increase the expression of inflammatory factors, promote an inflammatory response, and disrupt the balance between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation, resulting in impaired skin barrier function and increased skin sensitivity. Therefore, anti-inflammation and ECM remodelling are important directions in skin anti-aging research. To simulate the ECM, we constructed a novel recombinant human fibronectin peptide (rhFNP) using synthetic biology. HaCaT, P815, and NHEK cells, Zebrafish, and a KM mouse photoaging model, along with transcriptomics analysis, were used to test rhFNP function and effects. rhFNP mediated HaCaT cell adhesion and migration (