OBJECTIVE: Aim: To conduct a forensic medical and legal analysis of cases of improper performance of professional duties by medical employees, including incorrect prescription of medical products.. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and Methods: The article is based on the analysis of defects in the performance of professional duties by medical employees, particularly according to data from commission forensic medical examinations, as well as an analysis of international and national legal acts and national judicial practices of Ukraine. Dialectical, hermeneutic, comparative, analytical, synthetic, and system analysis research methods were used. RESULTS: Results: Although the total number of forensic medical examinations tends to decrease, these examinations remain the focus of attention in cases of improper performance of professional duties by medical employees. A more detailed analysis of cases involving violations of treatment strategies revealed instances of incorrect treatment method selection (whether conservative or surgical), along with cases of improper or unjustified prescription of medicinal products. Incorrect prescription of medical products is one significant way medical employees fail in their professional duties. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Understanding the general dynamics of forensic medical examinations is important, as it helps establish practical cause-and-effect relationships between the performance of professional duties by medical employees and adverse consequences for patients (including cases involving incorrect prescription of medical products).