Ancient capital culture, red culture, Beijing-style culture, and innovation culture together constitute the capital's cultural system of China and support Beijing's position as the Chinese cultural center. In order to better help the cultural construction of the capital, Beijing, and to find some common and reasonable ways to reconcile the complex urban cultural system, this paper is based on the Weibo data of Beijing in 2019, takes the BERT pre-training model and the newer topic model "BERTopic" as the tools, combines the text content, spatial layout, and sentiment analysis methods, and explores the public perception of four types of capital culture in Beijing. The results reveal that: (1) Although the perception level of Dongcheng, Xicheng, Haidian and Chaoyang core areas is much higher than that of remote areas, the sentiment feedback of remote areas is better than that of the former
(2) A type of culture actively introduces other cultural types or even foreign cultural elements in the system, which helps it form a unique cultural attraction. The typical cases are Shichahai Bar Street, the perception place of Beijing culture, and the corner cafe in the Imperial Palace, which is the perception place of ancient capital culture. (3) Traditional and popular elements are not independent and incompatible in the cultural system. In the capital culture construction, combining pop song art forms in innovation culture and classic stories of ancient capital culture, red culture, and Beijing-style culture is a road worth exploring and practicing in the future.