Adults born very preterm (i.e. at <
33 weeks' gestation) are more susceptible to long-lasting structural and functional brain alterations and cognitive and socio-emotional difficulties, compared with full-term controls. However, behavioural heterogeneity within very preterm and full-term individuals makes it challenging to find biomarkers of specific outcomes. To address these questions, we parsed brain-behaviour heterogeneity in participants subdivided according to their clinical birth status (very preterm versus full term) and/or data-driven behavioural phenotype (regardless of birth status). Participants were followed-up in adulthood (median age 30 years) as part of a wider longitudinal case-control cohort study. The Network Based Statistic approach was used to identify topological components of resting state functional connectivity differentiating between (i) 116 very preterm and 83 full-term adults (43% and 57% female, respectively) and (ii) data-driven behavioural subgroups identified using consensus clustering (