BACKGROUND: Pyroptosis and mitophagy have gained significant attention in Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. Curcumae Radix (CR), the dried radix of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling, is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extensively utilized for neurological disorders. Yet, its impact and mechanistic role in AD remain unclear. PURPOSE: This study aims to explore the active fraction of CR in AD treatment and its potential mechanisms. METHODS: CR extracts were qualitatively analyzed using UHPLC-Triple-TOF/MS. Aβ RESULTS: The ethyl acetate (EAC) fraction of CR extract exhibited optimal anti-AD effects. CR extracts enhanced memory and cognition in Aβ CONCLUSION: The EAC fraction of CR is effective in AD treatment by mitigating pyroptosis, reducing neuroinflammation, and promoting mitophagy, actions facilitated through the PINK1/Parkin pathway.