BACKGROUND: Primary aldosteronism (PA) causes hypertension and is potentially surgically curable when it is caused by a unilateral aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma (APA). Adrenal vein sampling (AVS) is required to guide surgery, but it is invasive, is technically difficult, and has limited availability. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the accuracy of post-dexamethasone [ DESIGN: Prospective within-patient comparison of diagnostic interventions. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02945904). SETTING: Three referral centers. PARTICIPANTS: 174 patients with PA desiring surgery if a unilateral source of PA was diagnosed. INTERVENTION: [ MEASUREMENTS: International consensus criteria for biochemical and clinical success at 6 and 24 months after surgery
κ statistic and Bland-Altman analyses comparing predictions of surgical outcomes by [ RESULTS: Eighty-nine of 169 (52.7%), 78 of 169 (46.2%), and 43 of 169 (25.4%) patients were predicted to have unilateral PA by [ LIMITATION: The accuracy of [ CONCLUSION: Molecular imaging is an accurate, noninvasive alternative to AVS. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: National Institute for Health and Care Research.