A new difunctional recognition and nanocatalytic probe of copper metal-organic framework surface molecularly imprinted polyethyleneimine (CuMOF@MIP) was prepared by microwave procedure, using tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) as the template molecule, CuMOF as the nanosubstrate and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the functional monomer. The experimental results demonstrate that the CuMOF@MIP nanoprobes exhibit strong catalysis of acrylic acid reduction of silver nitrate to produce silver nanoparticles (AgNP) with surface plasmon resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) effect at 330 nm. The new nanocatalytic amplification indicator reaction was studied by RRS and coupled with the recognition function to develop a catalytic analysis strategy. The RRS peak increased linearly with increasing TBHQ analysis. Thus, a new, simple, and sensitive RRS analytical platform was developed to determine TBHQs in cooking oil, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 2.05-6.76 % and the recovery of 92.5-108 %.