BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common neoplasm with poor prognosis in advanced stages. The clinical work-up in patients with locally advanced NSCLC mostly includes MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a prospective single center study, 28 patients with NSCLC stage 3 or oligometastatic disease were enrolled. In addition to RESULTS: 28 patients (mean age ± SD 70.5 ± 8.4 years, 19 women) were enrolled. WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT both showed maximum sensitivity and specificity for primary tumor diagnosis and similar sensitivity (p = 1.00) and specificity (p = 0.70) for detection of distant metastases. For diagnosis of lymph node metastases, WB-MRI showed lower sensitivity, 0.65 (95% CI: 0.38-0.86) than FDG-PET/CT, 1.00 (95% CI: 0.80-1.00) (p <
0.05), but similar specificity (p = 0.59). CONCLUSIONS: WB-MRI in conjunction with TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered locally and approved by the Uppsala University Hospital committee, registration number ASMR020.