BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury (TBI) significantly reduces quality of life and imposes a heavy burden on society. A detailed examination of research trends of cognitive dysfunction following TBI has not yet been conducted. This study aimed to examine the bibliometric analysis of cognitive dysfunction after traumatic brain injury over the past 20 years. METHODS: Literature on bibliometric analysis was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) from 2004 to 2023. The type of literature and the language were refined. A total of 1,902 articles were used for bibliometric analysis, including 1,543 (81.1%) original articles and 359 (18.9%) review articles. Data were retrieved on June 5, 2024. RESULTS: The publication volume of articles was increasing year by year, with articles published in 537 journals. The CONCLUSION: Our findings provide valuable insights into cognitive dysfunction following TBI and highlight emerging trends for future research.