In this plenary session of the Vasculitis Workshop 2024, pioneering translational research on autoimmune vasculitis, particularly ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), was presented, highlighting advancements in our understanding of disease mechanisms and promising therapeutic prospects. Advances in elucidating molecular pathways, such as IL-17 and IFN-I, pave the way for specific treatments. Preclinical studies have revealed the gut microbiome's role in the pathogenesis of MPO-AAV and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of dietary interventions. Furthermore, research into the protective role of Tregs has shed light on potential new targets for therapeutic interventions. Innovative approaches, such as CAR-T cell therapy and Deoxy Mab DX-1/DX-3, show significant promise in mitigating AAV pathology. These advancements underscore the transformative potential of translational research. By enhancing our understanding of disease mechanisms, these findings pave the way for the development of personalized and effective therapies, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.