An analysis was conducted on the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Magnolia bidoupensis utilizing GC-MS, revealing thirty-three constituents that account for 98.9 % of the essential oil. The main components included pogostol (22.4 %), δ-selinene (16.2 %), and α-amorphene (14.7 %). Bioassays were then performed to evaluate the oil's biological activity. The essential oil exhibited antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms (six bacterial strains and one fungal strain) using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Additional cytotoxicity tests were conducted on KB, HepG2, MCF-7, and A549 cancer cell lines using the MTT method. The essential oil exhibited strong cytotoxic effects on all four cell lines, with IC