BACKGROUND: The level of combat readiness, including psychological training of military personnel, is crucial for mobilizing physical, mental, and psychological resources, enabling them to demonstrate appropriate behaviors in high-pressure situations. This study aims to critically analyse contemporary approaches to the psychological training of servicemen, identifying both strengths and areas for improvement. METHODS: By examining the mental states of Armenian servicemen who participated in the 44-day Artsakh War and the September 2022 military operations, this research seeks to develop evidence-based, practical recommendations that enhance the psychological resilience and effectiveness of military personnel. The theoretical and methodological framework of this study is grounded in a comprehensive analysis, comparison, and synthesis of existing literature, coupled with detailed substantive and statistical assessments of the collected research data. FINDINGS: The findings suggest that training under conditions that closely mimic real combat scenarios significantly contributes to the development of emotional resilience, transforming stress into a motivating factor rather than a disruptive one. Regular exercises and training to improve emotional intelligence are crucial in helping servicemen manage stress, stay motivated, and maintain composure under duress, enhancing cognitive flexibility and teamwork. Moreover, integrating biofeedback technology into psychological training offers additional benefits by helping servicemen control physiological responses and develop coping mechanisms. INTERPRETATION: Analysis further emphasizes combat readiness, psychophysiological state, personal qualities, and mutual trust as key factors influencing combat effectiveness. These findings underline the importance of strategically designed psychological training programs that prioritize emotional stability, cognitive flexibility, and stress management, ensuring that military personnel are well-equipped to handle the psychological demands of modern warfare.