Great efforts have been conducted to improve the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Nevertheless, the limited number of active sites and low electrical conductivity of MOFs have a detrimental impact on the HER performance. Herein, we modulate the electronic structure and improve the electrical conductivity of Co-pyridinedicarboxylic (Co-PDC) framework via Ru doping and hybridization with MXene nanosheets, which in turn enhance its HER performance. The as-prepared Ru-doped Co-PDC@MXene (RCPM) composite catalyst exhibits an overpotential of only 36.1 mV, enabling the achievement of a current density of 10 mA cm