Neuronal cell proliferation and migration play an important regulatory role in the development and tumorigenesis of the nervous system. MARVEL domain-containing protein 1 (MARVELD1) is a potential tumor suppressor gene whose function in nervous system diseases is unclear. This study aimed to analyze the function and molecular mechanism of MARVELD1 gene in Neuro2a cell migration and tumor growth. We found that MARVELD1 could inhibit the tumor development with low-expression of Ki67, high-expression of cleaved-caspase3 and strong signal TUNEL staining. Moreover, MARVELD1 suppressed migration and epithelial to mesenchymal transition process in Neuro2a cells. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated that MARVELD1 could bind to PPP1CB, PPP1CC and NRAS. The RNA-sequencing analysis showed that MARVELD1 regulated transcriptional coactivators and protein methylation. These genes ultimately affected the pathways related to cell migration. These data highlight the potential usefulness of MARVELD1 as a potential target for preventing nervous system tumor genesis and metastasis.