BACKGROUND: Lack of a complete understanding of the pathophysiology of pruritus directs patients to different treatments. There is little data on the effect of aromatherapy on itching in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment. However, the effect of aromatherapy on pruritus in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment remains unclear. AIM: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of aromatherapy on pruritus in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: The protocol of this systematic review study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024522699) and PRISMA guidelines were followed in reporting the study. The search was conducted in Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus databases without year restriction. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established according to the PICOS criteria. Study selection and quality assessment of the reviewed studies were performed by two independent researchers. RESULTS: A total of eight studies (461 participants), including two randomized controlled trials and six quasi-experimental studies, were included in the systematic review. All included studies concluded that aromatherapy reduces pruritus. The studies reported no adverse effects of aromatherapy. CONCLUSION: The studies included in this systematic review found that aromatherapy has a positive effect on reducing pruritus in hemodialysis patients. It is recommended that studies of high methodological quality be conducted to investigate the efficacy of aromatherapy on pruritus in people undergoing hemodialysis treatment.