In order to explore the mechanism of rockburst in tunnels constructed by drilling and blasting method in high ground stress strata, this study reformed the physical model test system of rockburst in deep tunnels and the high-pressure gas explosion excavation system, and successfully reproduced the process of rockburst disaster in drilling and blasting construction. Based on the existing research results and preliminary tests, a composite material with similar brittleness and rock burst tendency index to the granite on site was developed, and a cubic rock burst model of 500 × 500 × 500 mm