From patterns to pathways: Latent class trajectories of self-perceptions of aging and their causal effects on multi-state functional transitions.

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Tác giả: Fei Ji, Lingjun Liu, Boshu Mao

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 922.945 *Hindus

Thông tin xuất bản: Netherlands : Archives of gerontology and geriatrics , 2025

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: NCBI

ID: 713525

 OBJECTIVES: This study examines the heterogeneous developmental trajectories of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) and their causal effects on functional health transitions in older adults. Specifically, we aim to identify latent classes of SPA development, assess their impact on multi-state functional transitions, and quantify the loss in healthy life expectancy attributable to negative SPA. METHODS: Drawing from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2008-2018
  n = 14,020), we implemented latent class trajectory modeling to identify SPA developmental patterns. We then applied multi-state Markov models to examine the effects of SPA on transitions among functional states (fully independent, assistance needed, and deceased), and established a counterfactual framework to estimate the loss in multi-state life expectancy attributable to SPA. RESULTS: Analysis revealed two distinct SPA trajectories: a high-level group (57.75 %) and a low-level group (42.25 %), both exhibiting declining trends while maintaining consistent level differences. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, negative SPA significantly increased the risk of functional impairment (HR=1.31, 95 % CI: 1.20-1.44) and diminished the probability of functional recovery (HR=0.61, 95 % CI: 0.53-0.71). At age 65, negative SPA was associated with a 2.18-year reduction in total life expectancy, with substantial disparities in healthy life expectancy (10.93 vs. 7.96 years). DISCUSSION: This study reveals two distinct trajectories of SPA in later life and demonstrates its causal effects on health state transitions. Early interventions targeting negative aging perceptions, particularly before age 65, may effectively extend healthy life expectancy.
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