Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill, which is frequently used in health products and drinks, is recognized for its high content of essential oils that could have protective effects against PD, despite the lack of complete understanding of its pharmacological mechanisms. This research aims to examine how ESC can affect autophagy signaling pathways and activate the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to effectively decrease oxidative damage, thus shedding light on the possible anti-PD effects of this treatment. The results demonstrated that ESC significantly reduced behavioral issues linked to Parkinson's disease in a mouse model that was induced by MPTP and safeguarded dopaminergic neurons that expressed tyrosine hydroxylase. Moreover, ESC boosted the antioxidant capability of Nrf2, assisted with autophagy processes, and finally decreased protein expression levels of Keap1, HO-1, MAPK, mTOR, and ERK. According to in vitro studies, ESC treatment had a significant reduction in H