With the rapid development of modern technology, the deep integration of computer science and medicine has greatly propelled the field of the dental diagnostics field. Multimodal medical image registration refers to the fusion of information from various modalities of medical imaging. In other words, with the assistance of computer technology, the image data acquired from various radiological examinations undergo spatial registration and are merged to create a comprehensive new image, serving the purpose of computer-aided diagnosis. The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has complex anatomical structures, so there is a wide range of diseases associated with it. Traditional single-modal imaging methods can only provide partial anatomical information, which limits the comprehensive assessment and subsequently hinders the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ disease. Multimodal medical image registration techniques, owing to their ability to provide comprehensive information, have been widely applied in the field of dentistry. This has greatly enhanced the efficiency of diagnosing and treating TMJ disease. The article discusses the advancements in the application of multimodal medical image registration in the context of temporomandibular joint disease.