Bioactive glasses (BGs) are physiologically reactive surface biomaterials widely used in biomedical applications and various treatments. Borate bioactive glasses (BBGs) are third-generation BGs, and they exhibit superior biodegradable, bioactive, osteoconductive, antibacterial, and biocompatible properties compared to other types of BGs. Certain concentrations of dopant ions can be incorporated into the chemical structure of BBGs to enhance their biological functionalities and antimicrobial properties. It was demonstrated that those ions play a crucial role in the biological responsiveness