BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and there are strong links existing between gut health and cardiovascular health. Gut microbial diversity determines gut health. Dysbiosis, described as altered gut microbiota, causes bacterial translocations and abnormal gut byproducts resulting in systemic inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To review the current literature on the relationships between gut microbiota, dysbiosis, and CVD development, and explore therapeutic methods to prevent dysbiosis and support cardiovascular health. SUMMARY: Dysbiosis increases levels of pro-inflammatory substances while reducing those of anti-inflammatory substances. This accumulative inflammatory effect negatively modulates the immune system and promotes vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. High