INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound polysaccharides (CP), composed of METHODS: A total of 14 4-month-old kittens, with an average body weight of 2.39 kg, were used in a 56-day experiment. They were randomly assigned to the control (CON) group ( RESULTS: The results displayed that supplementation with CP increased the concentrations of serum immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor- CONCLUSION: CP supplementation can enhance immune function in kittens and increase the relative abundance of beneficial gut microbiota, and does not lead to generalized inflammation. Dietary supplementation with CP may generate nutritional benefits in kittens, and this study offers insight into the development of functional pet food for kittens.