INTRODUCTION: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare condition that arises due to various underlying conditions and comprises pentad back pain, saddle anesthesia, bowel bladder disorder, sensory and motor dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction. CASE PRESENTATIONS: The authors hereby present a case of CES in a 24 years old military person who was actively involved in exercise and heavy weight lifting. He was received at the emergency department with symptoms of low back pain with bladder and bowel incontinence, diagnosis of CES was made based on history, clinical examination, and radiological assessments. He was treated under expert surveillance. After the initial treatment he was admitted in the ward for almost a month due to intolerable low back pain. However currently he is showing good signs of recovery in 6 months follow-up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Early diagnosis of CES is likely to be beneficial as it helps delay deterioration, prevents further complications and improve the quality of life of patients but the diagnosis of this syndrome is usually delayed due to unavailability of diagnostic facilities in every health care center. So, assessment of this syndrome should be made among patient presenting with suggestive symptoms for timely diagnosis and better outcome. CONCLUSION: CES is a surgical emergency requiring early diagnosis and early intervention to prevent further complications.