Sublethal systemic LPS in mice enables gut-luminal pathogens to bloom through oxygen species-mediated microbiota inhibition.

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Tác giả: Manja Barthel, Lea Bircher, Leonardo Boldt, Carmen Chen, Philipp Christen, Melanie Clerc, Benoit Guery, Ersin Gül, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Annika Hausmann, Mathias K-M Herzog, Patrick Kiefer, Sanne Kroon, Christophe Lacroix, Lisa Maier, Dejan Malcic, Bidong D Nguyen, Anna Sintsova, Emma Slack, Yves Steiger, Shinichi Sunagawa, Julia A Vorholt, Lena Weidert

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 978.02 1800–1899

Thông tin xuất bản: England : Nature communications , 2025

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: NCBI

ID: 727789

Endotoxin-driven systemic immune activation is a common hallmark across various clinical conditions. During acute critical illness, elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide triggers non-specific systemic immune activation. In addition, a compositional shift in the gut microbiota, including an increase in gut-luminal opportunistic pathogens, is observed. Whether a causal link exists between acute endotoxemia and abundance of gut-luminal opportunistic pathogens is incompletely understood. Here, we model acute, pathophysiological lipopolysaccharide concentrations in mice and show that systemic exposure promotes a 100-10'000-fold expansion of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium and Salmonella Typhimurium in the gut within one day, without overt enteropathy. Mechanistically, this is driven by a Toll-like receptor 4-dependent increase in gut-luminal oxygen species levels, which transiently halts microbiota fermentation and fuels growth of gut-luminal facultative anaerobic pathogens through oxidative respiration. Thus, systemic immune activation transiently perturbs microbiota homeostasis and favours opportunistic pathogens, potentially increasing the risk of infection in critically ill patients.
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