In the background of increasing depth of metal mining, the issue of airflow temperature field during the construction of ultra-deep shaft is very important, in view of the fact that there is still very little research related to this content at home and abroad, so this aspect of the research is very necessary in the process of the development of deep shaft mining. This paper focuses on the study of the patterns of change in the airflow temperature field during the construction of ultra-deep shaft, based on Newton's law of cooling and the first law of thermodynamics, and from the perspective of fluid dynamics, it puts forward a new theory - the theory of equilibrium enthalpy interface, which qualitatively and quantitatively derives the critical conditions of the three changes in the wind temperature of ultra-deep shaft and uses numerical simulation to study the content of the theory. The results of the study show that when the airflow runs from bottom up in the ultra-deep shaft, the change of airflow temperature is not a simple linear relationship, but a curve relationship similar to a cubic function, showing a law of decreasing first, then increasing and then decreasing. In addition, the equilibrium enthalpy interface theory elucidates the energy conversion relationship and process behind the change law of the airflow temperature field in the ultra-deep shaft. This study has explored the theoretical aspects of the airflow temperature field during the construction period of ultra-deep shaft, and also laid the foundation for the subsequent ventilation and cooling work of shaft construction.