This study aimed to analyze the prognostic value of the SOFA, APACHE II, and MPI (Mannheim Peritonitis Index) scores in the indication for Damage Control Surgery (DCS) in non-trauma. Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing DCS between 2014 and 2019. SOFA and APACHE II scores were calculated using parameters preceding DCS, while MPI was based on surgical descriptions. Statistical analysis: Qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and quantitative variables using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The Student's T test was employed for mean comparisons. The sample comprised 104 patients (59 males), with a median age of 63.5 years, of whom 52 (50%) were ASA IV. Operative findings leading to DCS included peritonitis (54
51.9%), intestinal ischemia (39
37.5%), inability to close the abdomen (8
7.6%), and bleeding (3
2.9%). The mortality rate was 75% (78/104). Thirty patients (28.8%) died after DCS
the remainder underwent one (35
33.6%), two (21
20.2%)
three (8
7.7%), and four or more (10
9.7%) revision procedures. The median lengths of ICU and hospital stays were 12.5 and 20.5 days, respectively. The median score values were as follows: SOFA: 12 (0-38), APACHE II: 25 (2-47), and MPI: 26 (8-43). Besides ASA classification (p = 0.03), mortality risk was influenced by: age (≤ 65 years vs. >
65 years
p = 0.04), SOFA (≤ 10 vs. >
10
p = 0.03), APACHE II (≤ 25 vs. >
25
p = 0.04), and MPI (≤ 25 vs. >
25
p = 0.003). The SOFA, APACHE II, and MPI scores proved to be valuable tools in the prognostic assessment of patients undergoing DCS in non-traumatic abdominal emergencies.