OBJECTIVE: The study investigated the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG) in Hefei, China. METHODS: A combination of generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models was used to explore the relationship between air pollutants and the incidence of AACG. RESULTS: Exposure-response curves showed that exposure to PM 2.5 , PM 10 , NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and O 3 were all positively correlated with the onset of AACG. Among them, NO 2 , and CO having higher relative risk values for AACG onset. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted the potential risks of these pollutants and expanded the knowledge of the environmental role in AACG incidence, which will encourage local governments to adopt policy measures and guidance to improve public health.