In 2024, infectious disease literature focused on advancements in the treatment of severe infections and prevention of high-burden diseases. Building on prior data, further evidence supports both the use of shorter courses of antibiotics and the earlier transition to oral antibiotics, including for severe infections, such as bacteremia. A new medication has demonstrated significant, high-impact findings in the long-acting category of drugs for the prevention of HIV infection. Antibiotic resistance continues to be a growing threat, and research this year has demonstrated significant advances for new agents helping to combat resistant gram-negative organisms. Research on the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 continues to expand, with a living systematic review providing us a better understanding of symptom management. Novel treatment regimens for