Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined hemodynamically as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 20 mmHg, measured at right heart catheterization (RHC). Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is defined as a mPAP ≥ 20 mmHg with a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) of ≤ 15 mmHg and a pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >
2 Woods Units (WU). The reported prevalence of PAH in the general population is 0.03-0.05 per 1000 population. However, several studies suggest that the prevalence may be higher among specific sub-populations. Using Medicaid Analytic Extract (MAX) files, we identified Medicaid beneficiaries who were diagnosed with PH or PAH between 2009 and 2012. The prevalence of PH and PAH was calculated for the overall study population and subgroups based on demographics or co-morbidities. We used one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests to compare the differences in hospital bed days and total Medicaid cost across racial subgroups among those with PH and those without PH
Tukey post hoc tests were performed to calculate p-values for comparing White and Black subpopulations. Prevalence rates ranged between 1.7 and 1.8 per 1000 persons, and the PAH prevalence ranged between 0.4 and 0.5 per 1000 persons for the years reviewed. Significant racial/ethnic disparity in PH and PAH prevalence was observed (