Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered considerable attention due to their tunable properties, well-defined porosity, and structural versatility, making them effective catalysts for organic transformations. This review explores recent advances in MOF-based catalysis, emphasizing the roles of metal centres and organic linkers, as well as the synergistic effects arising from their combination. Additionally, guest molecule encapsulation and morphology modulation as effective strategies for improving catalytic efficiency are also discussed. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for MOFs as heterogenous catalysts are highlighted.