UNLABELLED: PURPOSE： To investigate the clinical application value of making false wall with orthodontic band when a large area of tissue defects of young permanent teeth is subgingival level and vital pulp therapy is required. METHODS: A total of 60 cases of young permanent molars with large tissue defects to subgingival level and requiring vital pulp therapy were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. Orthodontic band was made in the experimental group, while traditional composite resin was used in the control group, rubber barrier was placed after the fabrication of the false wall. The clinical fabrication time, stability of the false wall after the use of rubber barrier and periodontal health conditions(SBI, GI, SPD) of the affected tooth before and after operation were compared between the two groups.Graph Pad Prism 5.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The fabrication time of the experimental group was (6.01±0.34) min, which was shorter than that of the control group (12.02±0.53) min, and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05). But the stability of the false wall and the influence on the periodontal health of the affected teeth were not significantly different between the two groups(P＞0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For the cases of young permanent teeth with large area defects to subgingival and requiring vital pulp therapy, orthodontic band can shorten the fabrication time of false wall, provide relatively stable retention, with no significant effect on the periodontal status of the affected teeth in a short time. It can provide a new idea for the fabrication of false wall in pediatric dental clinical work.