With the escalating challenges of environmental pollution and energy scarcity, the exploration of novel energy storage and conversion systems has become imperative. In contrast to traditional energy systems centered on C-H bonds, electrocatalytic energy systems based on N-H bonds offer a transformative approach by circumventing the limitations of carbon cycles and enabling a complete cycle from energy storage to conversion. This review comprehensively introduces the concept and advantages of zero-carbon energy systems based on electrocatalytic N-H bond formation and cleavage. We delve into the reaction mechanisms of key electrocatalytic processes within these systems, along with the development and applications of associated electrocatalysts. Finally, we discuss the development prospect and challenges of zero-carbon energy systems based on the N-H bond, which provides guidance for the application of clean energy storage and conversion.