Human breath contains a myriad of analytes that are associated with human health conditions, making it a noninvasive source of biomarkers. Researchers and engineers are pushing the boundaries of breath analysis for the next generation of diagnostics. Breath analysis with surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, which allows for the identification of molecular fingerprints in a simple way, represents a powerful platform for the next generation of sensors which are expected to provide tools for personalized healthcare and preventive medicine.