Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) lacks effective prognostic markers. While lymphocyte subsets are recognized as valuable predictive indicators in hematologic malignancies, their role in AML remains largely unexplored, particularly during different stages of AML. Our study analyzed the levels and changes of lymphocyte subsets in AML patients at newly diagnosed (ND) and first complete remission (CR) status, and explored the correlation between lymphocyte subsets and prognosis in different disease stages. Flow cytometry detected peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in 145 ND AML patients, 125 CR AML patients, and 47 healthy controls (HCs). Dynamic testing was conducted on 28 AML patients at both ND and CR status. Our study found significant differences in lymphocyte subsets between ND, CR, and HCs, with notable changes in CD3