OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between Metabolic syndrome (Mets) and Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in men of reproductive age, and to summarise the Mets and metabolic component health management model in men. METHODS: The Male Reproductive Health Follow-up Database in Bozhou City, Anhui Province, China (2020-2024) included in the study 1,008 outpatient cases of men with reproductive age,in which normal sperm DFI was the Control group (n = 858) and abnormal DFI was the Observation group (n = 150), and the general data, metabolic endocrine related indicators, and indicators related to fertility assessment were analysed in both groups, and fertility and metabolic indicators were followed up. Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis, segmented package for threshold analysis, Bootstrap sampling method and Bayesian method for mediation effect test analysis. Univariate-multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to build a predictive model using R Programming Language (4.42), and to plot the Nomogram, Calibration Curve, Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) Curve, and Clinical impact curve (CIC) to assess the consistency between the predicted probability of the model and the actual occurrence probability, as well as to evaluate the practicality and applicability in clinical decision-making. RESULTS: Intergroup comparison between the observation and control groups in this study showed no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of baseline information and fertility assessment ( CONCLUSION: MetS may lead to abnormal sperm DNA fragmentation indices, which in turn suggests that abnormal sperm DFI due to MetS may be a risk factor for male infertility and spousal adverse maternity, and that effective interventions to reduce sperm DFI values and metabolic scores are necessary and urgent. This study is part of the China Anhui Regional Male Fertility Survey Phase I (2020-2024).