Socio-health factors, ability to perform instrumental and basic activities of daily living, and use of assistive mobility devices during the COVID-19 pandemic: Interrelationships and impact on long-term survival.

• Tác giả: María Palma Benítez Calderón, Amanda Martín Fernández, Miriam Fernández Gallardo, Irene Sánchez González, Julia Herranz Hernando, Laura Calderón Jiménez, Juana Marcos Guerra, Sara Guerra Maroto, Vicente Martín Moreno, María Inmaculada Martínez Sanz, Elena Pérez Rico, Elena Sánchez Rodríguez, Irene León Saiz, Helena Alonso Samperiz, Miguel Recuero Vázquez
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 344.044 *Mental health services and services to substance abusers
• Thông tin xuất bản: United States : PloS one , 2025
• Bộ sưu tập: NCBI
• ID: 747714

Tóm tắt

 INTRODUCTION: Functional dependence for the performance of basic activities of daily living (ADLs) is one of the main causes of institutionalization. This study analyzed the interrelationships between basic and instrumental activities of daily living, use of assistive mobility devices, socioeconomic factors, changes during COVID-19 pandemic confinement, and 3-year survival in the ADL-dependent people of the Orcasitas neighborhood of Madrid (Spain). METHODS: A longitudinal descriptive study, carried out on the entire population of functional dependent patients (Barthel ≤ 60) in the Orcasitas neighborhood. We included 127 patients, 78.7% women and 21.3% men, with a mean age of 86 years. Pre-pandemic, post-confinement (June 2020) and June 2023 data were contrasted. RESULTS: Results: The use of crutches-cane was associated with a higher probability of being independent in performing ADLs, leaving home (OR 4.848
  CI 1.428-16.458), improving functional capacity during confinement (OR 3.621
  CI 1.409-9.308), and even ceasing to be functionally dependent (OR 0.394
  CI 0.165-0.941). Using a wheelchair was associated with a higher level of dependency (OR 2.583
  CI 1.167-5.714) and higher mortality (HR 1.913
  CI 1.106-3.309). After COVID-19 pandemic confinement, having a financial income of less than 11,200 euros/year (OR 2.413
  CI 1.159-5.023), or using a wheelchair (OR 2.464
  CI 1.009-6.017), increased the risk of living homebound. Living homebound decreased the probability of survival, while maintaining the ability to leave home increased it (OR 3.880
  CI 1.834-8.211). Economic capacity modulated the results. Lower economic capacity was associated with higher mortality (HR 2.47 (Exp(B) 0.405
  CI 0.232-0.708). Living in confinement and having a low economic income were associated with higher mortality (OR 0.127
  CI 0.029-0.562), mortality that was also higher with respect to those who could leave their home (OR 6.697
  CI 2.084-21.525). CONCLUSIONS: Functional ADL-dependence affects multiple facets of the person. Confinement triggered changes in the baseline conditions of this cohort, which were influenced by the level of dependency, mobility capacity and economic income level. Economic capacity modulated the results, showing that social inequalities influence survival. The ability to leave home and the use of a wheelchair should be included in the assessment of the risk level of this population group.