AIM: Membranous nephropathy (MN) is the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, with 80% of cases being primary MN of unknown origin. While the influence of sex hormones on chronic kidney disease (CKD) is thoroughly established, the role of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in MN is still uncertain. METHODS: We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal impact of SHBG on MN, utilising data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The main analysis utilised the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, while various additional and sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the causal estimates. RESULTS: We obtained 51 valid instrumental variables (IVs) of SHBG from large-scale open-access GWASs. Genetic forecasting of SHBG notably raised the likelihood of MN in males (IVW odds ratios [OR] = 2.992, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.643, 5.446], p = 3.370 × 10 CONCLUSION: Elevated serum SHBG concentrations were directly associated with an increased risk of primary MN in males. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of SHBG in assessing and predicting MN risk.