Đánh giá tổng hợp về sự phù hợp và thích nghi của các dự án chuyển đổi đất rừng khộp sang trồng cao su trên địa bàn tỉnh Đắk Lắk=Integrated Assessment of Suitability and Adaptation of the project of conversion of Dipterocarpaceae forest into rubber plantation in Dak Lak province

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Chí Sỹ Phùng, Công Tư Trịnh

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành, 2018

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 88270

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Kết quả điều tra, khảo sát, đánh giá cho thấy điều kiện khí hậu rừng khộp tương đối phù hợp với yêu cầu sinh trưởng phát triển của cây cao su. Tuy nhiên, vẫn có một số chỉ tiêu khá khắc nghiệt như lượng mưa phân bố tập trung theo mùa, gây ẩm thấp, ngập úng trong mùa mưa và khô hạn trong mùa khô
Nhiệt độ tối cao và tối thấp đều chạm ngưỡng giới hạn đối với yêu cầu của cây cao su. Phần lớn diện tích rừng khộp có thành phần cơ giới tầng mặt là cát hoặc cát pha, kết cấu đất rời rạc, nghèo mùn, khả năng giữ nước và dinh dưỡng kém, hấp thu nhiệt và tỏa nhiệt nhanh, ở độ sâu cách mặt đất khoảng 20 - 40cm là tầng kết von và sỏi đá, bên dưới có tích sét, dễ gây úng cục bộ trong mùa mưa. Tỉ lệ diện tích đất rừng khộp thích hợp cây cao su khá thấp, trong đó chủ yếu là mức thích nghi S2 và S3, không có diện tích thích nghi ở mức S1. Trong 2 năm đầu sinh trưởng của cây cao su trên đất rừng khộp có xu hướng kém hơn cao su trên đất nương rẫy, đất khai phá từ rừng thường xanh, bán thường xanh... Từ năm thứ 3 trở đi, sự khác biệt biểu hiện càng rõ hơn. Theo đó, đường vanh cây cao su trên đất rừng khộp thấp hơn so với đất trồng cao su truyền thống ở cùng độ tuổi.The results of surveys, investigation and assessment show that the climate conditions of Dipterocarpaceae forests are relatively suitable for the growth and development of rubber trees. However, there are some rather severe indicators such as seasonal rainfall distribution, low humidity, inundation in rainy season and drought in the dry season
High and low temperatures reach the limit for the requirement of rubber trees. Most of Dipterocarpaceae forest area consists of sandy or sandy soil, discrete soil texture, poor humus, poor water and nutrient retention, rapid heat absorption and transfer, at depths away from the surface of 20 - 40 cm is tombstone and gravel layer, under the clay, easily cause local inundation in the rainy season. The proportion of Dipterocarpaceae forest land, which suitable for rubber trees is quite low, with the majority of adaptation levels S2 and S3, no suitable area at S1 level. In the first 2 years, the growth of rubber trees in Dipterocarpaceae forest is less than that of rubber in upland fields, cleared land from evergreen forest, semi-evergreen forest. From the third year onwards, the difference in expression is clearer, in that the rubber tree's diameter on the soil of the Dipterocarpaceae forest is lower than that of the traditional rubber plantation at the same age.

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