Cuproptosis, a distinct cell death pathway, has been integrated into nanomedicine for disease theranostics. However, current nanosystems inducing cuproptosis rely on exogenous toxic copper ions, limiting the scope of biomaterials. Developing nanoplatforms that induce cuproptosis without exogenous copper holds substantial promise. Here, we engineered a two-dimensional iron (Fe) single-atom-doped molybdenum disulfide (MoS