Nowadays, there is a surge of research reports on photovoltaic cells and photodetectors based on van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction. However, there are very few reports on the simultaneous realization of photoelectric conversion and storage in a single device. Herein, a simple method was utilized to successfully prepare a van der Waals heterojunction with a chargeable photoconductivity (CPC) effect between black phosphorus and quasi-two-dimensional electron gas. After a single optical illumination, the device generated photocarriers and stored them for up to 5 days, followed by a bias voltage applied in the dark to release a large photocurrent of 1.0 mA and a current ratio of up to 10