BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Identifying research priorities of Veterans, MS researchers, and key stakeholders is critical to advance high-quality, evidence-based, and Veteran-specific MS care. METHODS: We used a modified Delphi approach to identify research priorities for Veterans with MS. Electronic surveys were distributed to Veterans with MS (n = 50,975), MS researchers (n = 191), VA healthcare providers (1,337), and funding agency representatives (n = 6) asking about their 2-3 most important research questions that would benefit Veterans with MS for researchers to answer in the next 5-10 years. Next, Delphi panelists, including Veterans, independently completed two rounds of rank ordering the questions in terms of priority. Finally, the Delphi panel met to discuss and finalize the list. RESULTS: Sixty researchers, healthcare providers, and stakeholders and 1,322 Veterans completed the initial questionnaire. The final list of the top nine research questions focused on advancing research in several thematic areas: neuroprotection and remyelination, alleviating MS symptoms, epidemiology, and exercise. CONCLUSION: Engaging multiple methods and Veterans at every stage of priority setting enables a representative and nuanced description of the most important VA-centric MS research questions. MS researchers are now prepared to address these targeted questions to serve Veterans with MS and meet their most pressing concerns.