BACKGROUND: Reprocessing reusable medical devices and surgical instruments is vital for ensuring safe healthcare in hospitals. Medical Device Reprocessing Departments (MDRDs) handle the cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing of these instruments. While previous research has examined bioburden on surfaces and associated patient health risks, there is limited focus on occupational hazards for MDRD workers. AIM: This study investigates the potential bioaerosol exposure and particle concentrations generated by ultrasonic sterilizing water baths within the MDRD at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada. METHODS: Bioaerosol sampling was conducted using Andersen-style samplers for bacterial and fungal cultures. Particle sampling was measured using optical particle samplers. RESULTS: Results showed that the majority of bioaerosols were composed of low-risk skin microflora and waterborne bacteria, predominantly Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcal species. However, potentially harmful bacteria such as Citrobacter species and Acinetobacter species were detected. Fungal genera identified included Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Penicillium. CONCLUSIONS: Although the overall aerosol generation from ultrasonic cleaning appeared minimal, the study highlights the importance of appropriate PPE and suggests further research on ventilation and additional aerosol sources in MDRDs is needed.