Transgender people have a gender identity and/or expression that differs from the gender assigned to them at birth. Healthcare research shows that support, respect for felt identity and access to respectful care are fundamental to improving the physical and mental well-being of trans patients. As a healthcare professional, adopting an approach to care based on empathy, education and inclusion is paramount. This article provides definitions, background information and historical representations, a discussion of the specific needs of the trans population, and concludes with some advice for caregivers.